Timeline and Commentary
Cover Image: Masthead of Ka Nupepa Kuokoa published on July 13, 1865.
This timeline runs for three issues of Ka Nupepa Kuokoa. Although there is no attribution where you would expect one to be (at the beginning or at the end of the series), the accompanying commentary sounds very familiar.
Image: Puʻukoholā Heiau, Kawaihae, Hawaiʻi. Bishop Museum Archives, SP 1465.
Image sharing on social media is welcome. For all other uses please contact Archives@BishopMuseum.org
Image: “Ka Papa Kuhikuhi Makahiki o na Mea Kaulana o Hawaii Nei! Helu 1” Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, July 13, 1865, p. 4
TIMELINE
OF FAMOUS THINGS
HERE IN HAWAIʻI!
NUMBER 1.
Genealogy; and Table to Remember
Famous Happenings in the History
of Hawaiʻi nei.
This Historical Table starts with an Aliʻi, a famous Monarch named Kūaliʻi. It is said that he was a god, a possessor of mana, and a warrior, and he could jump, he was quick, he could go around Oʻahu five times in a single day. He had aloha only for Oʻahu; he had no desire to take any other country. It is said that he lived for many years: he tapped about with a cane, he was bleary eyed like a mouse, yellow like a pandanus frond, was carried around in a net, and lived to an extremely old age. He was four times kanahā and fifteen years old, which is like 175 years old.
1555 Kūaliʻi was born at Kalapawai, in Kailua, Koʻolau Poko, Oʻahu.
1567 Kūaliʻi’s speed as a runner began with a wick strung with kukui nuts, from Alala to Mololani and back; from Alala to Kalapueo and back, [in the time to burn] one kukui nut.
1583 Kūaliʻi bravery began at Puuala in Kahuku. From Alala, he took two hours to reach Alala in Kailua.
1587 Kauakahiakahoʻowaha died and Kūaliʻi became ruler of Oʻahu.
1664 Kekaulike was born at Kamaniʻula, in Honolua, Maui.
1669 Peleiholani was born at Haleʻula, Koʻolau Poko.
1700 Kamehameha Nui was born of Kekaulike and Kekuʻiapōiwa Nui, at Paiki, in Pākaʻalaneo, Maui.
1706 Kahekili was born on the night of Akua on ʻAlenuihāhā.
1716 Keāulumoku was born, a skilled mele composer.
1720 Kameʻeiamoku and Kamanawa were born at Apee; they were the kapu twins of Kekaulike.
1720 Lonokahikini met with his younger brother, Kekuʻiapōiwa, at Kīheipūkoʻa.
1730 Kūaliʻi, the ruler of Oʻahu died, and Kapiʻioholani reigns over the nation of Oʻahu.
1735 Kahekili placed Kameʻeiamoku and Kamanawa on Hawaiʻi Island as parents for his children.
1736 Kamehameha I. was born at Kokoiki in Kohala.
1736 Kekaulike died at Halekiʻi, Kukahua, at Kapuhau.
1736 Kapiʻiohookalani, the Oʻahu chief is killed, at Kawela, Molokaʻi, by Alapaʻi the ruler of Hawaiʻi.
1736 Alapaʻi lands at Oneawa, in Koʻolau, and battled with Kanahaokalani.
1736 Kamehameha Nui became ruler of Maui.
1737 Peleiholani returned from Kauaʻi, to battle with Alapaʻi.
1737 Peleiholani meets with Alapaʻi at Nāonealaʻa, Kāneʻohe, and the war was ended.
1737 Kanahaokalani died, striken by a rock at Pauoa.
1737 Peleiholani becomes ruler of Oʻahu.
1737 Kauhiaimokuakama rebeled against Kamehameha.
1738 Peleiholani assisted Kauhiaimokuakama, the rebelling chief.
1738 Peleiholani warred with Alapaʻi, the chief of Hawaiʻi. Kaleiʻōpuʻu and Keōua were the war leaders. Peleiholani met with Alapaʻi, at Honokahua. The name of the battle was Puʻunēnē.
1739 Kauhi was found by Holomahana and Hikinaakala at Kaupopo, and was taken captive, at Huakini he was killed; he was cut up in the sea of Puhele. (That is from where the name Kalaimoku comes.)
1740 Peleiholani met with a haole ship upon the ocean, when he was sailing to go to war with Molokaʻi.
1740 The walls of Molokaʻi’s fishponds were cruelly torn down, and the coconut groves of Oneuli in Honuaʻula were destroyed, and Kaʻuiki was burned in fire by Peleiholani.
1749 Keōua died at Wailoa, Hilo.
1749 Kalaiʻōpuʻu rebelled along with Puna, against Alapaʻi, and warred at Kalepolepo, in Pāʻieʻie, Mahinaakāka.
1750 Kaleiʻōpuʻu fled from Alapaʻi, and he became chief of Kaʻū and Puna.
1752 Alapaʻi dies at Kiʻikiʻiakoʻi in Kawaihae. The nation of Hawaiʻi went to Keaweʻōpala, child of Alapaʻi.
1753 Keʻeaumoku rebelled against Keaweʻōpala and fled, ending up in the sedges at the sea.
1753 Keʻeaumoku met with Kaleiʻōpuʻu at Kapalilua, and handed over his lands.
1754 Keaweʻōpala was killed by Kaleiʻōpuʻu, in the battle at Puʻukiʻilili.
1754 The kingdom was established by Kaleiʻōpuʻu.
1759 Kaleiʻōpuʻu sailed to battle at East Maui, where Hāna, Koʻolau, and Kīpahulu became a district of Hawaiʻi.
1764 Kamehameha warred upon Puna at Makolehua. Kamakaukii was killed by Kaohele, the rogues of Molokaʻi. The Hawaiʻi Island chiefs were slaughtered, however the stronghold of Kaʻuiki was not abandoned.
(Not finished.)
Image: [Kaʻahumanu] Cohoumanou, Reine des Iles Sandwich. Bishop Museum Archives, SP 29142.
Image sharing on social media is welcome. For all other uses please contact Archives@BishopMuseum.org
Image: “Ka Papa Kuhikuhi Makahiki o na Mea Kaulana o Hawaii Nei! Helu 2” Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, July 22, 1865, p. 4
TIMELINE
OF FAMOUS THINGS
HERE IN HAWAIʻI!
NUMBER 2.
Genealogy; and Table to Remember
Famous Happenings in the History
of Hawaiʻi nei.
1764 Molokaʻi was taken by Peleiōhōlani and the chiefs were slaughtered; those famous for their bravery were Kaolohakaakeawe, Kanealai, and Kaohele; they were all baked in underground ovens at Hakawai.
1764 Kūmahana, the child of Peleiōholani ruled Molokaʻi.
1765 Keʻeaumoku rebelled against Kalaiʻōpuʻu at Pōhakumaneʻo; and he sailed to Maui.
1765 Peleiōhōlani was born of Kamehameha Nui and Nāmahana.
1765 Kaikioʻewa was born of Kaʻiana and Kekīkoʻolā.
1766 Kamehameha [Nui] died. The nation at Nenewepua is willed to Kahekili, and Kahekili ruled.
1767 Keʻeaumoku folks rebelled against Kahekili, and he warred at Kalaeʻiliʻili in Waiheʻe, and they all fled.
1767 Kahekili waged war at Molokaʻi. Keʻeaumoku folks fled over the ocean and landed at Hāna; that battle was Kalauonākukui.
1768 Kaʻahumanu the famous one was born of Keʻeaumoku and Nāmahana, at Mapuwena in Kaʻuiki.
1768 Kālaimoku was born of Kekuamanohā and Kamakahukilani, at Makaopalena, Kaʻuiki.
1769 There was a hula famous all over Oʻahu, on the plains of Alele by Peleiōhōlani.
1770 Peleiōhōlani died at Wailea and brought back to Kailua.
1770 Kumahana ruled according to the will of Peleiōhōlani.
1773 Kumahana banished for being miserly and lazy.
1773 Kahahana was willed Maui and became ruler of Oʻahu.
1774 In the first years of his rule, he was a kind ruler; in the later half, he paid his people no heed.
1774 Keaulumoku resided with Kahahana the Oʻahu chief, on Molokaʻi.
1775 There was war between Kahekili and Kalaiʻōpuʻu.
1775 The warriors of Kahahana assisted Kahekili.
1775 Kalaiʻōpuʻu and Kāneolaelae waged war at Kalaeokaʻīlio; where Kalaiʻōpuʻu faced danger. It was there that Kamehameha let loose his warriors.
1775 Kamehameha and Kekūhaupiʻo were famous warriors of Kalaiʻōpuʻu.
1776 Kalaiʻōpuʻu and Kīwalaʻō sailed to the great battle at Wailuku.
1776 In the war waged by the ʻĀlapa, the war chiefs, Inaina, Kuaʻana, Kānehailua, and Keawehano were slaughtered by Kahekili.
1776 Kīwalaʻō met with the kapu chief Kahekili, and the war was ended. The battle was called Kakanilua, Kamokuʻilima.
1776 Hoapilikāne was born of Kameʻeiamoku and Kealiʻiokahekili.
1777 Kalaiʻōpuʻu waged war at Kaupō, and the war was called Kalaehohoa.
1777 Kalaiʻōpuʻu warred with Lānaʻi, and the stronghold of Hoʻokio was abandoned; Keliʻiaa folks were slaughtered, and the makaʻāinana were beaten. It was called Kamokuhī.
1777 Keaulumoku was ashamed of the disparagement of Kamehameha, and returned to Hawaiʻi.
1778 The ship was spotted for the first time outside of Waialua.
1778 Jan. 14. Lono (Captain Cook) landed at Waimea, Kauaʻi.
1778 Hoapiliwahine was born of Keʻeaumoku and Nāmahana.
1778 Kalaiʻōpuʻu warred at Koʻolau of Maui. The battle was called Kamakamimi.
1778 Kahekili assisted the people of Koʻolau, and warred with Kalaiʻōpuʻu.
1778 Nov. Lono (Captain Cook) visited East Maui.
(Not finished.)
Image: [Kaʻiana] A Man of the Sandwich Islands with His Helmet, Engraving by J. K. Sherwin after John Webber. Bishop Museum Archives, SP 33541.
Image sharing on social media is welcome. For all other uses please contact Archives@BishopMuseum.org
Image: “Ka Papa Kuhikuhi Makahiki o na Mea Kaulana o Hawaii Nei! Helu 3” Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, July 29, 1865, p. 4
TIMELINE
OF FAMOUS THINGS
HERE IN HAWAIʻI!
NUMBER 3.
Genealogy; and Table to Remember
Famous Happenings in the History
of Hawaiʻi nei.
1779 Jan. 17. The ship of Lono (Captain Cook) anchored at Kealakekua.
1779 Feb. 14. Lono died at Kaʻawaloa, Hawaiʻi.
1781 An aliʻi fought with a shark at Kauhola; his name was Nuʻuanupaʻahu.
1781 ʻĪmakakaloa [ʻĪmakakoloa], a rebel chief, died, and he was offered as sacrifice by Kīwalaʻō and Kamehameha, that being ʻĀmamalua.
1782 April, Kalaiʻōpuʻu died at Waioahukini.
1782 Kahekili closed off the stronghold of Kaʻuiki in one year.
1782 The stronghold of Kaʻuiki was abandoned due to lack of water, and the chiefs were slaughtered, and it was called Kapīkaʻo.
1782 July. Kīwalaʻō battled with Kamehameha at Keomo, and Kamehameha was victorious. Mokuʻōhai was the name of the battle.
1782 Keōua became the ruler of Puna and Kaʻū; Keawemaʻuhili became the ruler of Hilo.
1782 Dec. Kamehameha battled with Keōua and Keawemaʻuhili. Present were the warriors of Kahekili, the ones called Kauaʻawa.
1782 Kahekili sailed for Oʻahu to war with Kahahana. This was called Kaʻōpuakiʻikiʻi.
1782 Makaioulu and Pupuka were the first to rush in, and Kauhikoakoa, an aliʻi of Maui, died.
1782 There were three raids, the fourth was a large attack at Kaheiki. Kahahana fled, and sent around as a captive for two years.
1783 Laupāhoehoe Mua.
1783 The ships Kapilipakele and Alomakani dropped anchor.
1784 Tito Hueu, a chief who was ambushed in Waialua, died.
1784 Kahekili and Kauakapekulani Kalaikupule and Koalaukani escape being ambushed.
1784 Chiefs and commoners were massacred in great numbers. Kauwalua was built in Moanalua. It was called Kapoluku.
1784 Keaulumoku died.
1784 Hāpuʻu, that is Kauhola.
1784 Kalaniululmoku rebels and died at Pakui in Olomana; Kaneoneo died at Kalamakeʻe in Wahinekapu.
1785 Kaʻiana and Nāmakehā sail to Kauaʻi.
1785 Kamehameha and Kaʻahumanu hoʻāo marriage.
1785 The ship Kapilikanaliki with Kilo dropped anchor.
1786 With the anchoring of the ship Loke, came Olo, Kapilimaka, and Captain Kane [John Meares]; from there came Boti’s dog.
1786 Amara stayed with Kaeo, from there came the jackals of Makaeha folks.
1787 Kaʻiana sailed to Kahiki with Kapena Kane [John Meares].
1787 Poki was born, of Kekuamanoha and Kamakahukilani.
1788 The ship Koneada anchored with Makalawena, an aikāne of Kalaikupule.
1790 The ship Okaka anchored with Elenola at Honuaʻula.
1790 Lolopahū at Olowalu with the ship Elenola.
1790 ʻOlohana [John Young] and Aikake [Isaac Davis] remained as haole for Kamehameha.
1790 Battle of Kepaniwai at Wailuku.
1790 Kaunakakai mua, called Kawaʻanui.
1790 Keawemaʻhili is killed by Keoua at ʻAlae.
1790 Battle of Koapapaa.
1790 The ship of Kapena Kane and Kaʻiana anchor at Kawaihae.
1791 Kaeo overthrew the kapu foundation of Līloa and the nīʻoi of Pākaʻālana.
1791 Battle of Kepūwahaʻulaʻula.
1791 Kaʻiana battles against Keoua at Kalae Ohulelua and Puʻuokokoki.
1791 Puʻukoholā built.
1791 Dec. Peapea, the chief famous for gun powder at Kaʻuiki, died at Honokohau.
1792 ʻOliva Holmes [Oliver Holmes] arrived, and sailed for Keomolewa [Vancouver]. In 1794, he resided with Kalaikupule.
1792 Kuakamauna was born of Peapea and Lonohiwa.
1792 Keoua died at Kawaihae by mollification.
1792 Vancouver first arrived in Hawaiʻi.
1792 Kahekili died on Oʻahu.
1792 Ahukai was born of Manono Kauakapakulani and Kailinaoa.
1792 Kaeo ruled Maui.
1792 The British ship Daedalus anchored at Waimea, Oʻahu.
1793 Kekūanāoʻa was born at Keomoaliʻi, Keōkea; of Nāhiolea and Inaina.
1793 Vancouver anchored in Hawaiʻi for the second time.
1794 Aug. 15. Kalaikupule warred with Kaeo at Kukui, and they met at Kalapawai. The battle was called Kaelilua.
1794 The ships of Kapena Koki and Kapena Bapa anchored.
1794 Nov. 16. The steersmen plotted to kill Kaeo at sea. Kaeo decided to fight to greaten the number of dead at his killing.
1794 The ships Jackall and Prince Leboo entered Kou Harbor for the first time.
1794 The haole assisted Kalaikupule.
1794 Nov. Dec. There were six days of attacks, and three haole died at Punahawele, and Kaeo consistently was victorious.
1794 Dec. 21. There were great raids at Kalauao, inland and at the rowboats. Kaeo died. This battle was called Kukiiahu.
I bring this Timeline to a close; as for the history pertaining to it, that is the important thing, and it cannot be written by anyone living. It is a great hidden treasure, but I am troubled with sickness, and it is not good for me to write. Should God the powerful lend assistance, you will have a book of genuine Hawaiian history.
While the commentary to the timeline was revealing as to its creator, there is an announcement a week prior to the first installment making it clear that it is S. M. Kamakau—
Image: “E pai ana makou i keia pule ae…” Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, July 6, 1865, p. 3
Next week we will print the genealogy and table memorializing the famous events in the history of Hawaiʻi nei written by S. M. Kamakau, the gray-haired one famous for preserving the genealogies of Hawaiʻi so that they will inform the new generation accurately.
This post is part of He Aupuni Palapala: Preserving and Digitizing the Hawaiian Language Newspapers, a partnership between Bishop Museum and Awaiaulu with assistance from Kamehameha Schools. Mahalo nui loa to Hawaii Tourism Authority for their support. Learn more about this project here.
